Ocean Measurements from Space in 2025

Retrieval of aerosol optical properties over the ocean using multispectral polarization measurements from space

The optical thickness and Angstr om coecient of the aerosols over the ocean near Japan were retrieved from polarization measurements in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions by the Polarization and Directionality of the Earth's Re ̄ectances (POLDER) on board the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS) satellite. The optical thickness over the open sea in the Paci®c Ocean was smal...

Direct measurements of ocean surface velocity from space: Interpretation and validation

[1] The median Doppler shift of radar echoes is analyzed in measurements by ENVISAT’s Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) over the ocean. This Doppler centroid differs from a predicted signal based on the predicted motion of the satellite and Earth. This anomaly, converted to a surface Doppler velocity UD, appears to be of geophysical origin. Two wide-swath images over the Gulf Stream arou...

Monitoring open-ocean deep convection from space

Altimetry : Observing Ocean Variability from Space

D I R E C T measurement of large-scale ocean currents with current meter arrays is difficult and costly on basin scales. Since large-scale currents are very nearly in geostrophic balance, their velocity can be calculated from the pressure gradient on an equigeopotential surface. The surface geostrophic current therefore can be calculated from the deviation of sea level from the equigeopotential...

Turbulence Measurements 
 in the Ocean